What Are The Losses in Transformer Operation?

What are the losses and optimization measures in transformer operation?
The transformer will face various losses during operation, including iron loss and copper loss. In order to reduce these losses and improve efficiency, we can take a series of measures such as optimizing the selection of core materials, rationally designing the coil structure, and strengthening heat dissipation to ensure that the transformer can work efficiently and stably and extend its service life.
(1) Iron loss is caused by the core. When the coil is energized, eddy current and hysteresis loss will be generated in the core due to the alternating magnetic lines of force. This loss is collectively referred to as iron loss.
(2) Copper loss is caused by the resistance of the coil itself. When current passes through the primary and secondary coils of the transformer, power loss will be generated. This loss is called copper loss.
The sum of iron loss and copper loss constitutes the total loss of the transformer. These losses are closely related to the capacity, voltage and equipment utilization of the transformer. Therefore, when purchasing a transformer, the equipment capacity should be matched with the actual usage as much as possible to improve equipment utilization and avoid light load operation of the transformer.